The URL Journey: What Happens When You Press Enter

What actually happens between pressing Enter and the first byte coming back — measured in round trips, not adjectives. Change the DNS cache, keep-alive, TLS version, HTTP version, CDN hit and distance to the server, and watch the server-computed decomposition: how long each of the four phases costs, how many exchanges you are paying for, how much of the total is setup you could arrange away, and which single phase dominates — or whether several of them tie, which at the defaults they do. A CDN replaces the distance rather than the phase list; HTTP/3 merges the two setup exchanges into one; a warm connection removes both handshakes. Validated against glibc-2.44 (__res_context_send), linux-6.12.93 (tcp_connect, tcp_recvmsg), BoringSSL (SSL_do_handshake), nghttp2-1.70.0 (nghttp2_submit_request), ngtcp2-1.25.0 (conn_write_client_initial) and nghttp3-1.18.0 (nghttp3_recv_header).

• ✓All current + future modules
• ✓Full kata library
• ✓Progress dashboard + weak area analysis

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